Despite the impressive ceremony recently in Arlington National Ceremony - in honor of three unknown soldiers of World War I, World War II and the Korean War - the first America's tomb of the Unknown Soldier, is almost forgotten in Philadelphia Park.
Denotes an unknown soldier of the revolutionary war - ostensibly to eternal glory - there is buried in a sarcophagus resting on a slab of marble. Bureau of him is a life-size bronze statue of George Washington.
NoGuards March solemnly. There are few visitors. Without flowers and speeches, or trumpets.
This lonely outpost of forgotten history marks the final resting place of over 2,000 other unknown patriots of 1776.
They were victims of firearms or plague in the British prison to prison in the city Walnut Street - or the conquest of the Pennsylvania State House - stripped of their "Liberty Bell" (see 3/18/03 At-Large "That Crack Pesky)
Alotta military historian Bob saysDuring the war, most of the Continental troops and militia were from the United Kingdom and Philadelphia - then won an occupied city.
An epidemic of smallpox among Americans narrowly defined causes much suffering and many deaths. Colonial solders who died in the square immediately south-east near the prison buried. There were no reports of their names.
Revolutionary deaths occur than in any other place buried in the nation.
Visit John Adams'
AfterThe British marched in 1777, John Adams - a delegate to the Continental Congress and future President of the United States - visited the site and noted its significance:
"This morning I spent an hour in the Congregation of the Dead. I took a walk in the field, Potter, a cemetery between the new stone prison and in hospital. I never had in my entire life involved with such melancholy.
"The graves of soldiers who were buried in this land,Hospital and home improvement during the summer, autumn and winter - died of smallpox, and storage diseases - are enough to melt the heart of stone!
"The clerk told me that more than 2,000 soldiers were buried there. With the appearance of graves and ditches, it is very likely that he speaks within tolerable limits.
"To be the causes of this scourge will be attributed, I do not know." Disease had destroyed ten men for us, where the swordHe killed an enemy! "
Historical Watson interviewed a survivor of the Walnut Street prison in military detention for several years after the war. The veteran, Jacob Knight, recalled:
"The prisoners were fed nothing for days and were regularly beaten by guards British targets.
"The prison was like ice, like broken windows allow snow and cold, covered only available to prisoners. Ice, mice and lice said cells.
DesperatePrisoners ate the roots of grass, pieces of skin and pieces of a bad pump. Rats were a true delight.
"Move up to a dozen prisoners died each day. They have been dragged along the road and threw it in the trenches, as anonymous carcasses from a slaughterhouse."
Ups
"President Washington, said in his farewell address to the nation that people should not be forgotten," said Alotta. "But sometimes politicians do not fulfill their promises.
PhiladelphiaCity Council changed the name of South-East Square Washington Square in 1825 as a tribute to our first president. This was the old cemetery at a mass greater professional environment.
The Council in 1833 approved the construction of a place "suitable to commemorate the patriotic dead. A stone was laid, but the monument was never built.
President Lincoln proposed a tangible memorial. It was proposed again during the centennial of 1876.
At Last
YearYear, but the project languished. Finally, in 1954, the Planning Committee of the entrepreneurs in the Washington Square the matter in hand. They collected donations from the public to build the long overdue memorial to unknown soldiers there.
A team of five archaeologists excavated nine exploratory wells. One was a deep moat, with three mass graves. We have found the bones of a man - about 20 years - whose skull was increased by a bullet. This was chosen for the unknownSoldier.
Architect G. Edwin Brumbaugh designed the central monument of a park with swimming pool, surrounded by ornamental trees and brick sidewalks.
The monument consists of several parts. Rock background, bears an inscription from Washington's Farewell Address: "Freedom is a light for which many men have lost their lives in darkness."
Against this one life-size statue of Washington stands by Jean-Antoine Houdon, French sculptor, who was regarded as the most importantneoclassical his time. They are pouring a bronze in 1922 in marble of an original since 1790 - the only full-length statue of Washington modeled from life.
Left Hand of General is based on a column of bundles, the bundle of rods symbolizing the official authorities and political unity.
At his feet is a sarcophagus containing the remains of the Unknown Soldier Revolutionary War. On it is: "Under this stone, the remains of an Army soldier who died in WashingtonFreedom. "
A memorial flame burns in the foreground. The approach is to fight with 14 yards silver-plated and standard coating the 13 colonies and the unity of the nation dressed in format.
Nearby is a living monument - the shaft of the Bicentennial of the Moon - has grown from seed brought to the moon by Apollo astronaut Stuart Roosa, and in honor of the 200th Anniversary of the nation planted.
The official Tomb
National pressure to commemorate all war dead shortly after the intensificationCivil war.
Memorial Day was proclaimed May 30, 1858, from John A. Logan, then a deputy from Illinois and leader of the Grand Prix of Army veterans' of the Republic. He had served as Major General for the Union during the war.
He ordered the GAR to decorate "the graves of comrades who died in defense of their country during the late rebellion." The south had already started decorating the graves of Confederate soldiers. E 'was many years ago, Memorial Day was generallyrecognized.
The concept of an official national monument to an unknown soldier killed in battle arose between the allies after the First World War.
The U.S. Quartermaster Corps says that in the autumn of 1920, four casketed remains of American soldiers, identified by a small French town of Chalon-sur-Marne proposed.
Lt. Cdr. RP Harbold, head of the U.S. Graves Registration Service, said one of the pallbearers - Sgt Edward F. Young, a highly decoratedFante - to select the Unknown Soldier.
Younger later described his experience impressive, "I went into the room and walked around the caskets three times. Suddenly I stopped. It 'was like I pulled something. A voice seemed to say:" This is a good friend of your own. "I have my selection of a single white rose on the coffin."
The remains were then transported to the French port of Le Havre on board the flagship USS Olympia Dewey became famous, and embarkedHome. The other three were unknown at the American military cemetery from which they were invited back.
The body lay in state selected in the Capitol Rotunda for two days, as more than 90,000 people filed quietly through.
These brave soldiers - whose determination will always be a mystery - was officially buried in the native land.
Since then buried the remains of an unknown soldier of World War II and Korea, even in the tomb of the unknown was - surveillance day and nightspecially selected and trained by representatives of the four branches of military service.
Remains of a soldier in Vietnam was buried there, but later identified through DNA analysis. It 'was exhumed for burial in his family plot.
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